Unit III     The Mole

 

 

 

Lesson            Date                Topic                                                                                       WS

 

1.                                             The Molar Mass                                                                      1

 

2.                                             Mole Conversions                                                                   2

 

3.                                             Calculating Atoms                                                                   3

 

4.                                             Empirical Formula                                                                  4

 

5.                                             Percentage Composition Empirical Formula                           5

 

6.                                             Mole Calculations to Molecular Formula                               6           

 

7.                                             Identify that Gas                                                                      7

 

8.                                             Practice Test 1                                                                        8

 

9.                                             Practice Test 2                                                                        9

 

 

 

Worksheet # 1           Mole conversions

 

 

Describe each particle as an atom, molecule or a formula unit.

 

1.         CO2                                        m                   

2.         KCl                                        fu                   

3.         C                                            at

4.         AgNO3                                    fu                   

5.         NH4CH3COO                         fu                   

6.         O2                                           m                   

7.         Os                                           at                   

8.         SO3                                         m                   

9.         RbCl                                       fu                   

10.       CaCO3                                    fu                   

11.       Ag                                          at                   

12.       NH3                                        m                   

13.       Cl2                                          m                   

14.       Se                                           at                   

 

 

 

15        The electrolysis of water using H2SO4 as a catalyst is used to generate hydrogen gas. For every 1 electron

consumed 1 atom of hydrogen (exact) is generated. An amp meter is used to measure the rate of electron

consumption.

 

            1.00 coulomb = 6.24 x 10 18 electrons.

 

            If 1.00 g of hydrogen is generated at a current of 1.50 amps (1 amp = 1 coulomb per second) and over time

period of 17.865 hours, calculate Avogadro’s number (the number of atoms in 1.00g of hydrogen). Use unit

analysis! Start the unitanalysis with 17.865 h and end with atoms H.

 

17.865 h      x 3600 s   x   1.5 coulomb  x    6.24 x 1018 e   x   1 atom H     =   6.02 x 1023 atoms H

                        1 h                      1s                1 coulomb                 1 e

 

 

 

16.       State Avogadro's # three different ways describing the number of atoms in a mole, formula units in a mole, and molecules in a mole.

 

           

6.02x  1023 atoms                      =        1  mole

6.02x  1023 formula units         =        1 mole

6.02  x  1023 molecules              =        1 mole

 

 

 

 

Use Unit Analysis to Change from particles to moles or from moles to particles. Note that a particle is an atom, molecule, or formula unit.

 

17.       Covert 5.44  x  1026 at Co to moles.

 

 

5.44 x 1026 atoms Co      x        1 mole                   =        904 moles

                                                  6.02  x  1023 atoms

 

18.       Convert 2.4 moles CO2 to molecules.

 

2.4 moles CO2      x        6.02  x  1023 molecules              =  1.4 x 1024 molecules

                              1 mole        

                                                                

 

19.       Covert 4.56  x  1024 molecules CO2 to moles.

 

 

4.56 x 1024  molecules CO2      x        1 mole                             =        7.57  moles

                                                            6.02  x  1023 molecules

 

 

 

20.       Convert 10.9 moles CuSO4 to FUs.

 

10.9 moles CuSO4          x        6.02  x  1023 FU’s           =     6.56 x 1024  FU’s

                                        1 mole        

 

 

21.       Convert 5.33  x  1025 FU to moles NaCl.

 

 

5.33 x 1025 FU’s NaCl   x        1 mole                   =        88.5 moles

                                                  6.02  x  1023 FU’s

 

 

 

 

22.       Convert 2.4 moles C to atoms.

 

2.4 moles C           x        6.02  x  1023 atoms          =      1.4 x 1024 atoms     

                                                1 mole

 

23.       Covert 9.11  x  1025 molecules SO3 to moles.

 

 

9.11 x 1025 molecules SO3        x        1 mole                   =        151    moles

                                                            6.02  x  1023 FU’s

 

 

24.       Convert 2.9 moles CaSO4 to FUs.

 

2.9 moles CaSO4      x    6.02  x  1023 FU’s           =     1.7 x 1024 FU’s

                              1 mole        

 

 

 

24.       Convert 5.55  x  1024 FU to moles KF.

 

 

5.55 x 1024 FU’s KF       x        1 mole                  =        9.22 moles

                                                  6.02  x  1023 FU’s

 

 

Draw Electron-dot Diagrams for each of the following. Remember, use brackets for cations or anions. Covalent compounds do not require brackets.

 

37. CCl4                                                                 

 

 

              ..

           : Cl :

       ..      ..    ..

   :  Cl  ׃ C ׃ Cl :

       ..     ..     .. 

           : Cl :

              ..

 

 

38. NaCl

 

                    ..     

[ Na ]+    [ : Cl : ]-

                    ..

 

 

 

39. CO2                                               

 

      ..              ..

    : O : : C : : O :

 

 

 

 

40. Li2SO4

   

[ Li: ]+                                        

                              2-

             ..

          : O :

       ..    ..    ..

     : O : S : O :

       ..    ..    ..

          : O :

             ..

 

[ Li ]+                              

 

 

41. HCN                                              

                     ..  

H :  C : : : N :

 

 

 

 

42

                                    -

       ..             ..     

     : O : N :: O :

        ..    .. 

            : O :

               ..

 

 

 

 

 

Worksheet #2                           The Mole             

 

Calculate the molecular mass of the following compounds.  Remember to determine the mass of each element and add the mass of the elements together.

 

 

1.         KI                    166.0 g/mole         2.         Mg3(PO4)2                                262.9 g/mole

3.         NiO                 74.7 g/mole             4.         H2O                             18.02 g/mole

5.         BaF2                175.3 g/mole           6.         Ti(SO4)2.6H2O                     348.22 g/mole

7.         CuS                 95.6  g/mole            8.         ZnHCO3                                      126.41 g/mole

9.         Li3N                 34.7  g/mole            10.       PdSO4                                           202.5 g/mole

11.       NaI                  149.9 g/mole           12.       K3PO4                                           212.3 g/mole

13.       FeO.6H2O        179.92 g/mole           14.       NaOH                          40.01  g/mole

15.       AlF3.8H2O       228.16 g/mole           16.       Ga2(CO3)3                                 319.4 g/mole

17.       CuH2                65.5g/mole            18.       Zn(CH3COO)2                    183.46 g/mole

19.       NiN                 72.7  g/mole            20.       BaSO4.5H2O                323.5 g/mole

Define the following. The first one is done for you.

 

21.     Atomic mass is the mass of 1 mole of atoms.

22.     Molecular mass is the mass of 1 mole of molecules.

23.     Formula mass is the mass of 1 mole of formula units.

24.     Molar mass is the mass of 1 mole of particles.

 

 

25.   Circle the formula units, square the molecules, and underline the atoms.

Oval: KCl Oval: NH4Cl

H2O

 

CO2

 

P2O5

 

K

 

Au

 
 


                                                                                                                                 

 

C12H24O11

 
Oval: NaCl
Oval: K2SO4

NH3

 

Cu

 

Br

 

C

 
 


                                                                                                             

 

         

 

Convert from grams to moles.  Show all work using unit analysis

 

26.      100. g H2O

 

100. g H2O            x        1 mole         =        5.55 moles

                                        18.02 g

 

 

27.     250. g MgCl2

 

250. g MgCl2            x            1 mole         =        2.62 moles

                                        95.3 g

 

         

28.     0.266 g C6H12

 

0.266 g C6H12           x            1 mole         =        0.00316 moles

                                            84.12 g

 

 

29.     1.2 x 10-4 g Fe

 

1.2 x 10-4 g Fe       x            1 mole         =        2.2  x  10-6 moles

                                        55.8 g

 

 

 

 

Convert each quantity to moles.

 

 

 

30.     500. g H2O      x    1 mole         =        27.7 mole

                                        18.02 g

 

 

 

31.       0.269 g P2O5           x        1 mole         =        1.89 x10-3 mole

                                                  142 g

 

 

 

32.     135.3 g CaSO4         x        1 mole         =        0.9934 mole

                                                  136.2 g

 

 

 

 

33.       214.7 g CH4            x        1 mole         =        13.39 mole

                                                  16.04 g

 

 

 

 

34.     25.3 g C6H12O6       x        1 mole         =        0.141 mole

                                                  180.12 g

 

 

 

Convert from atoms, molecules, or formula units to grams.

 

35.     

 

6.55 x 1024 atoms Ag      x        1 mole             x    107.9 g        =        1.17  x  103 g

                                                  6.02  x  1023 at      1 mole

 

 

 

36.     

 

8.66 x 1026 FU RbCl       x        1 mole                   x   121 g      =        1.174  x  105 g

6.02  x  1023 FU         1 mole

 

 

 

 

37.     

 

5.00 x 10 32 molecs N2H4     x  1 mole         x                  32.04 g  =    2.66  x  1010 g

6.02  x  1023 molecs       1 mole

 

 

 

 

38.    

 

5.3 x 1029 FU KBr  x      1 mole         x        119 g   =      1.0  x  108 g

6.02  x  1023 FU    1 mole

 

 

 

 

39.      

 

25.3 x 1028 molecules C4H10       x        1 mole                   x                  58.1 g  =          2.44  x  107 g

6.02  x  1023 molecules              1 mole

 

 

 

40.     

 

1.33 x 1025 atoms Ag      x   1 mole              x        107.9 g   =     2.38  x  103 g Ag

                                            6.02  x  1023 at            1 mole

 

 

 

41.     

 

1.55 x 1016 FU NaCl       x   1 mole              x        58.5 g    =     1.51  x  10-6 g NaCl

                                            6.02  x  1023 FU          1 mole

 

 

 

42.     

 

2.55 x 10 27 molecules NH3  x   1 mole                 x                  17.03 g   =     7.21  x  104 g NH3

                                                  6.02  x  1023 molecules            1 mole

 

 

 

43.    

 

5.3 x 1029 FU KBr          x        1 mole                   x       119 g   =     1.05   x  108 g

                                                  6.02  x  1023 FU                1 mole

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Convert from grams to atoms, molecules, or formula units.

 

44.     

 

100. g H2O2          x        1 mole         x   6.02  x  1023 molecules         =  1.77  x  1024 molecules

                                        34.02 g             1 mole

 

 

 

45.     

 

2.6 g MgF2  x        1 mole         x        6.02  x  1023 FU    =        2.5  x  1022 FU

                              62.3 g                    1 mole

 

 

 

46.     

 

0.211 g C5H12           x        1 mole         x        6.02  x  1023 molecules    =   1.76  x  1021 molecules

72.12g                   1 mole

 

 

 

 

47.     

 

3.33 x 10-2 g Fe     x        1 mole         x        6.02  x  1023 Atoms   =  3.59  x  1020 atoms

                                        55.8 g                    1 mole

 

 

48.    

 

0.126 g Co  x        1 mole    x   6.02  x  1023 at       =        1.29  x  1021 atoms Co

                              58.9 g          1 mole

 

 

 

 

 

 

Worksheet #3                           Calculating Atoms         

 

1.       Measure the mass some Calcium. Calculate the number of atoms. Add 50 mL water to a 250 mL fleaker. Add the calcium to   the beaker and cover with a plastic funnel. Light the funnel after about 12 seconds. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

 

 

112 g Ca     x        1 mole    x   6.02  x  1023 at       =        1.68  x  1024 at Ca

                              40.1 g          1 mole

 

 

 

2.       Measure the mass of a Copper cylinder. Calculate the number of atoms in the cylinder.

 

 

112 g Cu     x        1 mole    x   6.02  x  1023 at       =        1.06  x  1024 at Cu

                              63.5 g          1 mole

 

 

 

 

3.       Measure the mass of an Iron cylinder. Calculate the number of atoms in the cylinder.

 

 

112 g Fe      x        1 mole    x   6.02  x  1023 at       =        1.21  x  1024 at Fe

                              55.8 g          1 mole

 

 

 

4.       Measure the mass of a Magnesium cylinder. Calculate the number of atoms in the cylinder.

 

112 g Mg    x        1 mole    x   6.02  x  1023 at       =        2.77  x  1024 at Mg

                              24.3 g          1 mole

 

 

 

 

5.       Measure the mass of an Aluminum cylinder. Calculate the number of atoms in the cylinder.

         

112 g Al       x        1 mole    x   6.02  x  1023 at       =        2.50  x  1024 at Al

                              27.0 g          1 mole

 

 

 

 

6.       Measure the mass of a small amount of dry ice (be quick- it won’t last long due to sublimation). Calculate the number of   atoms of CO2.

 

112 g CO2   x        1 mole    x   6.02  x  1023 molecules   =        1.53  x  1024 molecules CO2

                              44.0 g          1 mole

 

 

 

 

7.       Calculate the mass of 4.56 x 1025 atoms of Sr.

 

4.56 x 1025 at Sr   x        1 mole                   x        87.6 g          =        6.64  x  103 g Sr

                                        6.02  x  1023 at                1 mole

 

 

 

8.       Calculate the mass of 6.33 x 1020 molecules of CO2.

 

6.33 x 1020 molecule CO2         x        1 mole         x                  44.0 g   =          4.63  x  10-2 g CO2

                                                            6.02  x  1023 molecs        1 mole

 

 

 

 

9.       Calculate the mass of 8.66 x 1026 FU of SrO.

 

8.66 x 1026 FU SrO        x        1 mole                   x        103.6 g        =          1.49  x  105 g SrO

                                                  6.02  x  1023 FU              1 mole

 

 

10.     Calculate the mass of 2.3 x 1028 FU of SrCO3.H2O.

 

2.3 x 1028 FU SrCO3.H2O        x        1 mole         x        165.62 g      =          6.3  x  106 g SrCO3.H2O

                                                            6.02  x  1023 FU    1 mole

 

 

 

11.     Calculate the number of H atoms in 5.02g of CH4. There are 4 atoms of H in one molecule of CH4.

 

5.02 g CH4     x     1 mole    x   6.02  x  1023 molecules CH4  x  4 atoms H      =     7.54  x  1023 at H

                              16.04 g        1 mole                                       molecule CH4

 

 

 

12.     Calculate the number of O atoms in 200. g Al2(SO4)3. There are 12 atoms of O in one formula unit of Al2(SO4)3.

 

 

200 g Al2(SO4)3  x 1 mole    x   6.02  x  1023 FU Al2(SO4)3  x    12 atoms O    =     4.22  x  1024 at O

                              342.3 g        1 mole                                      FU Al2(SO4)3

 

 

 

13.     Calculate the mass of CaCO3 that contains 2.00 x 1028 atoms of O. There are 3 atoms of O per one FU of CaCO3.

 

2.00  x  1028 at O   x   1 FU CaCO3     x        1mole                    x        100.1 g   =        1.11  x  106 g

                                        3 at O                    6.02  x  1023                     1 mole

 

 

14.     Calculate the mass of Al2(SO4)3 that contains 2.00 x 1028 atoms of O.

 

2.00  x  1028 at O  x  1 FU Al2(SO4)3   x        1mole                    x        342.3 g   =        9.48  x  105 g

                                  12 at O                        6.02  x  1023 FU              1 mole

 

 

 

15.     Calculate the mass of Al2(SO4)3 that contains 2.00 x 1020 atoms of Al.

 

 

2.00  x  1020 at Al   x  1 FU Al2(SO4)3   x      1mole                    x        342.3 g   =        0.0569 g

                                   2 at Al                        6.02  x  1023 FU              1 mole

 

 

 

16.     Calculate the number of Al atoms in 500.g Al2(SO4)3.

 

500. g Al2(SO4)3    x   1 mole    x   6.02  x  1023 FU Al2(SO4)3  x  2 atoms Al  =     1.76  x  1024 at Al

                                   342.3 g        1 mole                                      FU Al2(SO)3

 

 

 

Draw Electron-dot Diagrams for each of the following. Remember, use brackets for cations or anions. Covalent compounds do not require brackets.

 

17.     C2F6                                                           

 

               ..      ..

            : F :  : F :

       ..     ..      ..    ..

    : F :   C :   C : F :

       ..      ..     ..    ..

            : F:  : F :

               ..     ..

 

 

18.     KClO4

 

  

[ K ]  +

   

                                  -

             ..

           : O :

       ..     ..     ..

     : O : Cl  : O :

        ..    ..     ..

           : O :

              ..

 

 

 

 

 

 

19.     NH3                                           

           ..   

     H : N : H

           .. 

          H

 

 

 

20.     Li2CO3

 

 

 

21.     N2               

                                       

       : N ׃׃׃ N :

 

 

22.     PO33-

 

                              3-

          

       ..     ..     ..

     : O : P  : O :

        ..   ..      ..

          : O :

     ..

 

 

 

 

 

Worksheet #4                           Empirical Formula

 

Use a calculation to determine the empirical formula of each of the following compounds. Show all of your work.

 

1.       A compound is found to be 6.353 g Ag, 0.823 g N, and 2.824 g of O. Calculate the empirical formula of the compound.

 

6.353 g Ag   x        1 mole         =        0.05888 moles       =        1

                              107.9 g                  0.05879 moles             smallest number

 

0.823 g N    x        1 mole         =        0.05879 moles       =        1                  AgNO3

                              14.0 g                    0.05879 moles

 

2.824 g O    x        1 mole         =        0.1765 moles         =        3

                              16.0 g                    0.05879 moles

 

 

2.       A compound is found to be 6.25g Pb, 0.846g N, and 2.90g of O. Calculate the empirical formula of the above compound.

 

6.25 g Pb   x          1 mole         =        0.03016 moles       =        1

                              207.2 g                  0.03016 moles             smallest number

 

0.846 g N    x        1 mole         =        0.06049 moles       =        2        PbN2O6          or      Pb(NO3)2

                              14.0 g                   0.03016 moles                           3 marks                      4 marks     only do this for ionic!

 

2.90 g O      x        1 mole         =        0.1813 moles         =        6

                              16.0 g                    0.03016 moles

 

 

 

3.       A compound is found to be 1.00g Ca, 0.700g N, and 2.40 g O.  Calculate the empirical formula of the above compound.

 

                    Ca(NO3)2

 

 

4.       A compound is found to be 27.91% Fe, 24.08% S, and 48.0% O. Calculate the empirical formula.

         

27.91 g Fe   x        1 mole         =        0.5002 moles         =        1        x 2     =          2

                              55.8 g                    0.5002 moles        

 

24.08 g S     x        1 mole         =        0.7502 moles         =        1.5     x 2     =          3       

                              32.1 g                    0.5002 moles                                                

 

48.0 g O      x        1 mole         =        3.000 moles           =        6        x 2     =          12

                              16.0 g                    0.5002 moles

 

          Fe2S3O12               Fe2(SO4)3

 

 

5.       A compound is found to be 15.38% Co, 40.74% Cr, and 43.88% O. Calculate the empirical formula.

 

 

          Co2(Cr2O7)3

 

 

6.       A compound is found to be 63.65% C, 10.71% H, 18.56% N, and 7.072% O. Calculate the empirical formula.

 

 

          C12H24N3O

 

7.       Change 5.0 x 1026 formula units CoCl2. 6H2O to grams.

 

         

5.0 x 1026 FU CoCl2.6H2O  x    1 mole                   x        238.02 g  =  2.0  x  105 g CoCl2.6H2O

                                                  6.02  x  1023 FU              1 mole

 

 

8.       Convert 2.36 g FeSO4·5H2O to formula units.

 

2.36 g FeSO4·5H2O x   1 mole   x   6.02  x  1023 FU FeSO4·5H2O =  5.87  x  1021 FU FeSO4·5H2O

                                        242g            1 mole                                                

 

 

 

9.       Change 3.65 x 1022 molecules CO2 to grams.

 

 

          2.67 g

 

 

10.     Convert 2.36 g grams P2O5 to molecules.

 

 

 

          1.00  x  1022  molecules P2O5

 

 

 

 

Worksheet # 5      Percentage Composition, Molecular and Empirical Formula

 

 

Complete the following chart.

 

Empirical Formula                     Molar Mass            Molecular Formula           Molecular Mass

 

 

1.       CH                                   13.01 g/mole         C6H6                                78 g/mole

 

2.       C3H2O                              54.02 g/mole         C9H6O3                           162 g/mole                                          

 

3.        C4H7NO                        85 g/mole              C12H21N3O3                       255 g/mole                     

 

4.       C4H8O                              72.08 g/mole         C12H24O3                         216 g/mole

 

5.       C2H4NO                           58.04 g/mole         C6H12N3O3                      174 g/mole

 

6.       C5H11NO                        101.11 g/mole       C15H33N3O3                       303.33 g/mole

 

7.       C2H2O                              42.02 g/mole         C10H10O5                         210 g/mole

 

8.       C3H7NO                           73.07 g/mole         C12H28N4O4                    292 g/mole

 

9.       C2H4NO                          58.04 g/mole         C4H8N2O2                         116.08 g/mole                

 

10.     CCl3                                 118.5 g/mole         C2Cl6                               237 g/mole

 

 

11.     If the empirical formula for a compound is C2H3O and its molecular mass is 129 g/mole, what is the molecular formula.

 

          Empirical formula                    C2H3O                   Empirical Mass              43.03 g/mole       x 3

         

          Molecular Formula                  C6H9O3                 Molecular Mass             129 g/mole

 

          129/43.03  =  3x

 

 

 

12.     A compound is 49.2% P and 50.8% O, calculate the empirical formula. If the molecular mass is 126 g/mole, calculate the        molecular formula.

 

          49.2 g P   x            1 mole         =        1.587 moles =        1       

                                        31.0 g                    1.587 moles

 

          50.8 g O      x        1 mole         =        3.175 moles =        2                  PO2

                                        16.0 g                    1.587 moles

         

          Empirical formula                    PO2                                   Empirical Mass           63.0 g/mole     x 2

         

          Molecular Formula                  P2O4                                Molecular Mass           126 g/mole

 

          126/63.0  =  2x

         

 

13.     A compound is 62.54% Pb, 8.46% N, and 29.0% O, calculate the empirical formula.

 

 

          Pb(NO3)2

 

 

 

14.     A compound is 46.08 % C, 27.0% N, and 27.0 % O.  Calculate the empirical formula. If the molecular mass is 832 g/mole,     calculate the molecular formula.

 

          46.08 g C   x         1 mole         =        3.84 moles   =        2.2749         x          7   =   16               

                                        12.0 g                    1.688 moles

 

          27.0 g N      x        1 mole         =        1.929 moles =        1.1428         x           7    =  8                 

                                        14.0 g                    1.688 moles

 

          27.0 g O      x        1 mole         =        1.688 moles =        1                  x          7    =  7        C16N8O7

                                        16.0 g                    1.688 moles

         

Empirical formula                    C16N8O7                             Empirical Mass              416 g/mole     x 2

         

Molecular Formula                  C32N16O14                       Molecular Mass             832 g/mole

 

832/416  =  2x

 

 

 

15.     Oil of citronella is a mosquito repellent is 87.8% C and 12.2% H.  Calculate the empirical formula. If the molecular mass is   205 g/mole, calculate the molecular formula.

 

 

87.8 g C   x           1 mole         =        7.3167 moles         =        1        x  3    =            3

                              12.0 g                    7.3167 moles        

 

12.2 g H      x        1 mole         =        12.079 moles         =        1.651 x  3  =            5       

                              1.01 g                    7.3167 moles

 

          C3H5

                                                 

         

Empirical formula                    C3H5                                Empirical Mass              41.05 g/mole     x 5

         

Molecular Formula                  C15H25                             Molecular Mass             205 g/mole

 

205/41.05  =  5x

 

 

 

 

Calculate the percentage composition for:

 

16.      ZnSO4

 

          1        Zn      =        1        x        65.4   =        65.4 g

 

          1        S        =        1        x        32.1   =        32.1 g

 

          4        O       =        4        x        16      =        64.0 g

 

                                                                                161.5 g/mole

 

          % Zn           =        65.4 g          x        100%          =        40.5 %       

                                        161.5 g

 

          % S  =                  32.1 g          x        100%          =        19.9 %       

                                        161.5 g

 

          % O            =        64.0 g          x        100%          =        39.6 %       

                                        161.5 g

                                                                                                    100%

                                                                                                   

 

17.     Al2(CO3)3

 

          2        Al       =        2        x        27.0   =        54.0 g

 

          3        C       =        3        x        12.0   =        36.0 g

 

          9        O       =        9        x        16.0   =        144.0 g

 

                                                                                234.0 g/mole

 

          % Al            =        54.0 g          x        100%          =        23.1 %       

                                        234.0 g

 

          % C            =        36.0 g          x        100%          =        15.4 %       

                                        234.0 g

 

          % O            =        144 g           x        100%          =        61.5 %       

                                        234.0 g

                                                                                                    100%

 

 

 

18.     Ca3(PO4)2

 

 

          3        Ca     =        3        x        40.1   =        120.3 g

 

          2        P        =        2        x        31.0   =        62.0 g

 

          8        O       =        8        x        16.0   =        128.0 g

 

                                                                                310.3 g/mole

 

          % Ca          =        120.3 g        x        100%          =        38.8 %       

                                        310.3 g

 

          % P  =                  62.0 g          x        100%          =        20.0 %       

                                        310.3 g

 

          % O            =        128 g           x        100%          =        41.3 %       

                                        310.3 g

                                                                                                    100.1%

 

 

 

 

19.     Convert 3.66 Kg CO2 to molecules.

 

3.66 Kg CO2         x    1000 g  x 1 mole    x   6.02  x  1023 molecules  =  5.01  x  1025 molecules CO2

                                    1 Kg      44.0 g           1 mole

 

 

 

 

20.     Covert 4.0 x 1026 FU of MgCl2 to Kg.

 

 4.0  x  1026 FU MgCl2  x          1mole                    x        95.3 g          x        1 Kg     =        63 Kg

                                                  6.03  x  1023 FU              1 mole                   1000 g

 

 

 

21.     In a propane tank there are 9.0 Kg of C3H8, calculate the number of H atoms. (First calculate molecules and then H atoms).

 

 

 

9.0 Kg C3H8  x 1000 g  x  1 mole  x 6.02  x  1023 molecules  x    8 at H =  9.8  x  1026 H at C3H8    

                          1 Kg        44.08 g      1 mole                     1 molecule C3H8

 

 

22.     A certain mass of complex Co(NH3)6Cl3 was found to contain 2.65  x  1021 atoms of H, calculate the mass of cobalt III    chloride hexammine. (Change the number of atoms to FU’s first).

 

         

2.65  x  1021 at H  x  1 FU Co(NH3)6Cl3 x   1 mole         x        267.58 g      =          6.54  x  10-2 g

                                        18 at H                  6.02  x  1023 at      1 mole

 

 

 

Worksheet # 6 Mole Calculations to Molecular Formula

 

 

1        The electrolysis of water using H2SO4 as a catalyst is used to generate hydrogen gas. For every 1 electron consumed

          1 atom of hydrogen (exact) is generated. An amp meter is used to measure the rate of electron consumption.

          1.00 coulomb = 6.24 x 10 18 electrons.

          If 1.00 g of hydrogen is generated at a current of 1.50 amps (1 amp = 1 coulomb per second) and over time period

          of 17.865 hours, calculate Avogadro’s number (the number of atoms in 1.00g of hydrogen). Use unit analysis!

          Start the unit analysis with 17.865 h and end with atoms H.

 

 

6.02  x  1023 at

 

 

 

 

2.       Convert 500. g NaCl to formula units.

 

500 g           x        1 mole         x        6.02  x  1023 FU    =        5.15  x  1024 Fu

                              58.5 g                    1 mole

 

 

3.       Convert 9.8 x 1024 molecules of C2H6 to grams.

 

9.8  x  1024 molecules      x        1 mole                         x            30.06 g  =          4.9  x  102 g

                                                  6.02  x  1023 molecules              1 mole

 

 

4.       Calculate the number of O atoms in 50.0 lb of dry ice CO2.

          (2.21 lb = 1.00Kg)

 

50.0 lb    x   1.00 Kg  x   1000 g  x     1 mole  x     6.02 x 10 23 molecules  x  2 at O   

                    2.21 lb         1.00 Kg       44.0 g          1 mole                             1 molecules

 

 

=     6.19 x  1026 atoms O

 

5.       Calculate the percentage composition of Al2(SO4)3.  3 significant figures!

 

 

          2  Al             2        x        27.0  =        54.0                       % Al            =            15.8 %

          3   S             3        x        32.1  =        96.3                       % S             =          28.1 %

          12 O            12      x        192.0 =        192.0                     % O            =          56.1 %

                                                                      342.3 g/mole

 

 

 

6.       Calculate the molar mass of Co2(SO4)3 . 6H2O

 

 

          514.22 g/mole

 

 

 

7.       The empirical formula for a compound is C2H5O and its molecular mass is 135g/mol.  The olecular formula is:

 

Empirical formula          C2H5O               x 3              Empirical Mass              45.05 g/mole      x 3

 

Molecular Formula        C6H15O3                          Molecular Mass                135 g/mole

 

135/45.05  =  3x

 

 

 

8.       A compound is 24.4% Ca, 17.1% N and 58.5% 0.  Calculate the empirical formula.

 

 

 

          Ca(NO3)2

 

 

 

 

 

 

9.       Hydroquinone, a chemical used for photographic developing, is 65.45% C, 5.51% H and 29.09% O.  Calculate the       empirical      and molecular formula.  The molecular mass is 110 g/mol.

 

65.45 g C   x         1 mole         =        5.454 moles =        3        =        3

                              12.0 g                    1.818 moles

 

5.51 g H      x        1 mole         =        5.455 moles =        3        =        3       

                              1.01 g                    1.818 moles

 

29.09 g O    x        1 mole         =        1.818 moles =        1        =        1       

                              16.0 g                    1.818 moles

 

          C3H3O

                                                 

         

Empirical formula                    C3H3O                             Empirical Mass              55.03 g/mole          x 2

         

Molecular Formula                  C6H6O2                           Molecular Mass             110 g/mole

 

110/55.03  =  2x

 

10.       A compound is 50.5 %  C, 5.26 % H, and 44.2% N. Calculate the empirical formula. If the molecular mass is 380.2 g/mole, calculate the molecular formula.

         

50.5 g C   x     1 mole     =   4.2083   =   1.33 x 3

              12.0 g           3.1571

 

5.26 g H  x     1 mole     = 5.2079     =    1.65 x 3

             1.01 g        3.1571

 

44.2 g N  x     1 mole     =  3.1571    =    1

             14.0g           3.1571

 

Empirical Formula                        Empirical Mass

C4H5N3                                                                95.05 g/mole

 

          Molecular Formula                       Molecular Mass

          C16H20N12                                      380.2 g/mole

         

 

11.     A compound is 50.5% C, 5.26% H, and 44.2% N, calculate the empirical formula. If the molecular mass is 285.15 g/mole,    calculate the molecular formula.

 

50.5 g C   x           1 mole         =        4.208 moles =        1.333           x  3    =            4

                              12.0 g                    3.157 moles

 

5.26 g H      x        1 mole         =        5.208 moles =        1.650           x  3  =            5       

                              1.01 g                    3.157 moles

 

44.2 g N      x        1 mole         =        3.157 moles =        1                  x  3  =            3        C4H5N3

                              14.0 g                    3.157 moles

         

Empirical formula                    C4H5N3                               Empirical Mass              95.05 g/mole      x3   

         

Molecular Formula                  C12H15N9                         Molecular Mass             285.15 g/mole

 

285.15/95.05  =  3x

         

 

Challenge Problems

 

12.     When 15.0 g of a compound known to contain C, H, O, and S was burned, 16.2 g of CO2, 6.63 g of H2O, and 15.7 g of SO2 were produced. What is the empirical formula of the compound?

 

 

16.2 g CO2  x        1 mole   x   1 mole C     =        0.3682 mole C      x          12.0 g    =    4.418 g C

                              44.0 g          1 mole CO2                                                   1 mole

 

6.63 g H2O  x        1 mole   x   2 mole H     =        0.7358 mole H      x          1.01 g     =   0.7432 g H

                              18.02 g        1 mole H2O                                                   1 mole

 

15.7 g SO2  x         1 mole   x   1 mole S      =        0.2449 mole S       x          32.1 g     =   7.862 g S

                              64.1 g          1 mole SO2                                                    1 mole

 

 

Mass of C H S      =        13.023 g

 

Mass of O  =  Total C H S O – Mass of C H S

 

Mass of O  =  15.0 g                 – 13.023    

 

Mass of O  =  1.977 g

 

 

1.977 g O              x        1 mole         =        0.1236 moles O

                                        16.0 g                                       

 

 

Mole Ratio            0.3682 mole C      =        3

                              0.1236 moles

                                       

                              0.7358 mole H      =        6

                              0.1236 moles

                                       

                              0.1236 moles O     =        1        Empirical Formula          C3H6OS2

                              0.1236 moles

 

                              0.2449 mole S       =        2

                              0.1236moles

 

13.     When 51.3 g of a compound known to contain C, H, N, and O was burned, 84.2 g of CO2, 20.7 g of H2O, and 10.7 g of N2      were produced. What is the empirical formula of the compound?

 

 

84.2 g CO2  x        1 mole   x   1 mole C     =  1.9136 mole C    x      12.0 g   =        22.96 g C

                              44.0 g          1 mole CO2                                         1 mole

 

20.7 g H2O  x        1 mole   x   2 mole H     =  2.2974 mole H  x       1.01 g   =        2.320 g H

                              18.02 g        1 mole H2O                                         1 mole

 

10.7 g N2  x           1 mole   x   2 mole N     =  0.7643 mole N    x      14.0 g   =        10.70 g N

                              28.0 g          1 mole N2                                            1 mole

 

 

Mass of C H N     =        35.98 g

 

Mass of O  =  Total C H N O – Mass of C H N

 

Mass of O  =  51.3 g       – 35.98 g   

 

Mass of O  =  15.32 g

 

 

15.32 g O              x        1 mole                   =        0.9575 moles O

                                        16.0 g                                       

 

 

Mole Ratio            1.9136 mole C      =        2.50             x        4        =        10

                              0.7643 moles

                                       

                              2.2974 mole H      =        3.00             x        4        =        12

                              0.7643 moles

 

                              0.7643 mole N      =        1                  x        4        =        4

                              0.7643 moles

                                       

                              0.9575 moles O     =        1.253           x        4        =        5         

                              0.7643 moles

 

 

Empirical Formula         C10H12N4O5          Wow, finally a challenge!!

                                       

 

 

Worksheet #7                           Identify that Gas                                                   

 

1.       A volume of a gas weighs 0.256 g. An equal volume of H2 weighs 0.01163g.

Calculate the molecular mass of the gas. Assuming that this gas is a common gas,

what do you think the gas could be? Show some work!

         

Gas    X        =        0.256 g        =        22.01           x        2.02 g          =          44.5 g/mole

H2                          0.01163 g                                            1 mole

 

 

Basically, we are just saying that the molar mass of the unknown gas is 22.01 x heavier

than a known gas H2 which we know is 2.02 g/mole.

 

2.       A volume of a gas weighs 2.12 g. An equal volume of He weighs 0.265 g. Calculate the molecular mass of the gas. Assuming that this gas is a common gas, what do you think the gas could be? Show some work!

 

Gas    X        =        2.12 g          =        8.000           x        4.0 g  =        32.0 g/mole

He                         0.265 g                                                1 mole

 

 

Basically, we are just saying that the molar mass of the unknown gas is 8.000 x heavier

than a known gas He which we know is 4.0 g/mole.

 

 

 

 

3.       A volume of a gas weighs 0.235g. An equal volume of He weighs 0.02043g. Calculate the molecular mass of the gas. This gas is a gas produced by automobile pollution, what do you think the gas could be? Show some work!

 

Gas    X        =        0.235 g        =        11.50           x        4.0 g  =        46.0 g/mole

He                         0.02043 g                                            1 mole

 

          NO2   nitrogen dioxide

 

 

4.       A volume of a gas weighs 0.37216 g. An equal volume of H2 weighs 0.01163 g. Calculate the molecular mass of the gas. Assuming that this gas is a on that is produced by burning matches, what do you think the gas could be? Show some work!

 

         

          64.6 g/mole         SO2

 

 

 

5.       A volume of a gas weighs 0.02051g. An equal volume of CO2 weighs .02654g. Calculate the molecular mass of the gas. Assuming that this gas is a smelly one that is produced by rotten eggs, what do you think the gas could be? Show some work! This gas is also added to natural gas to make it smell so that leaks can be detected.

 

          34.0 g/mole           H2S

 

 

 

 

6.       Convert 1.65 g CO2 to molecules.

 

 

1.65 g CO2  x        1 mole         x        6.02  x  1023 molecules    =        2.26  x  1022 molecules

                              44.0 g                    1 mole

 

 

7.       Convert 12.5 Kg of SO2 to molecules.

 

 

12.5 Kg SO2          1000 g         x        1 mole    x   6.02  x  1023 molecules  =  1.17  x  1026 molecules

                              1 Kg                      64.1 g          1 mole

 

 

 

8.       Covert 2.0 x 1026 FU of MgCl2 to g.

 

2.0 x 1026 FU MgCl2      x        1 mole         x        95.3 g          =        3.2  x  104 g

6.02  x  1023 FU    1 mole

 

 

 

 

 

9.       In a propane tank there are 8.0 Kg of C3H8. Calculate the number of H atoms. (First calculate molecules and then H atoms).

         

 

8.0 Kg C3H8 x  1000 g x 1 mole  x 6.02  x  1023 molecules C3H8 x 8 atoms H = 8.7  x  1026 at H

                         1 Kg         44.08 g      1 mole                                  molecule C3H8 

 

 

 

 

 

10.     A certain mass of complex Co(NH3)6Cl3 was found to contain 2.65  x  1025 FU, calculate the mass of cobalt III chloride hexammine.

 

2.65  x  1025 FU    x        1 mole                   x        267.58 g      =        1.18  x  104 g

                                        6.02  x  1023 FU              1 mole

 

 

 

 

11.     The empirical formula of a compound is C3H11O3 and its molecular formula is 380.44 g/mole. Determine the molecular formula.

         

          C3H11O3                95.11  g/mole

 

          C12H44O12             380.44  g/mole

 

 

12.     Calculate the percentage composition of Co(NH3)6Cl3  to three significant figures.

 

          1 Co  =        1  x  58.9     =        58.9                       22.0 %

          6 N    =        6  x  14.0     =        84.0                       31.4 %

          18 H  =        18  x  1.01   =        18.18                     6.79 %

          3 Cl   =        3  x  35.5     =        106.5                     39.8 %

                                                            267.58        

 

13.     A compound is 27.73% Mg, 23.58% P, and 48.69% O, calculate the empirical formula.

 

 

 

 

 

          Mg3(PO4)2

 

 

 

 

 

14.     9, 10-dihydro-6-methylergoline-8-carboxylic acid (LSD) a drug with psychomimetric properties is 71.6 % C, 6.03 % H, 10.4 % N, and 11.9 % O. If the molecular mass of the compound is 268.16 g/mol, calculate the empirical and the molecular formula.

 

71.6 g C   x           1 mole         =        5.967 moles =        8                 

                              12.0 g                    0.7438 moles        

 

6.03 g H      x        1 mole         =        5.970 moles =        8                           

                              1.01 g                    0.7438 moles

 

10.4 g N      x        1 mole         =        0.7429 moles         =        1                            C8H8NO

                              14.0 g                    0.7438 moles        

 

11.9 g O      x        1 mole         =        0.7438 moles         =        1                            C4H5N3

                              16.0 g                    0.7438 moles

         

Empirical formula                    C8H8NO                             Empirical Mass              134.08 g/mole     x 2

         

Molecular Formula                  C16H16N2O2                    Molecular Mass             268.16 g/mole

 

268.16/134.08  =  2x

 

         

 

 

 

15.     A volume of a gas containing sulphur and oxygen that is produced by burning coal has a mass of 2.088g. An equal volume of H2 has a mass of 0.0658 g. Calculate the molar mass of the gas and determine its formula.

 

 

Gas    X        =        2.088 g        =        31.73           x        2.02 g          =          64.1 g/mole

H2                          0.0658 g                                              1 mole

 

SO2    sulphur dioxide

 

 

 

 

 

16.     Here is the tough one. You can do it- just take it one step at a time! A compound was known to contain C, H, N, O, and S. When a 5.43 g sample was burned the products were 8.43 g CO2, 1.15 g H2O, 0.450 g N2, and 3.07 g of SO2. Determine the empirical formula of the compound. I left you a whole page- I hope that’s enough. Good luck!

 

8.43 g CO2  x        1 mole   x   1 mole C     =        0.1916 mole C      x          12.0 g   =     2.299 g C

                              44.0 g          1 mole CO2                                                   1 mole

 

1.15 g H2O  x        1 mole   x   2 mole H     =        0.1276 mole H      x          1.01 g    =    0.1289 g H

                              18.02 g        1 mole H2O                                                   1 mole

 

0.450 g N2  x         1 mole   x   2 mole N     =        0.03214 mole N    x          14.0 g     =   0.4500 g N

                              28.0 g          1 mole N2                                                      1 mole

 

3.07 g SO2  x         1 mole   x   1 mole S      =        0.04779 mole S     x          32.1 g      =  1.537 g S

                              64.1 g          1 mole SO2                                                    1 mole

 

 

Mass of C H N S =        4.4149 g

 

Mass of O  =  Total C H N S O                Mass of C H N S

 

Mass of O  =  5.43 g                                 4.4149        

 

Mass of O  =  1.0151 g

 

 

1.0151 g O            x        1 mole                   =                  0.06344 moles O

                                        16.0 g                                       

 

 

Mole Ratio                      0.1916 mole C      =        6                  x        2        =          12

                                        0.03214 moles

                                       

                                        0.1276 mole H      =        4                  x        2        =          8

                                        0.03214 moles

                                       

                                        0.03214 mole N    =        1                  x        2        =          2

                                        0.03214 moles

 

                                        0.06344 moles O   =        2                  x        2        =          4                 

                                        0.03214 moles

 

                                        0.04779 mole S     =        1.5               x        2        =          3

                                        0.03214 moles

 

                                                                                                              Empirical Formula         C12H8N2O4S3

 

                                        Thank goodness that one is finished!!!!     

 

 

 

 

 

Worksheet #8                           Review of Mole Calculations                      

 

 

 

1.       Convert 2.59 g of SO3  to molecules.

 

2.59 g of SO3        x        1 mole                   x        6.02  x  10 23          =          1.95  x  1022 molecules

                                        80.1 g                              1 mole

 

 

 

2.       Convert 3.56 x 1025 FU  of  CoCl4 to Kg.

 

 

                    11.9 Kg

 

 

 

3.       In a propane tank there are 26.5 Kg. of C2H6. Calculate the number of H atoms.

 

26.5 Kg C2H6  x 1000 g  x  1 mole  x  6.02  x  1023 molecs C2H6 x  6 atoms H =   3.18  x  1027 at H

                           1 Kg         30.06 g        1 mole                                molecule C2H6 

 

 

 

 

4.       Describe each atom as an atom, molecule, anion, cation, or a formula unit:

                   

CO2              molecule

                    Co                atom

                    AgNO3           FU

                    KCl              FU

                    Cr2O72-          anion

                    NH4+            cation

 

 

5.       Convert 568 g of H3PO4  to moles.

 

 

568 g           x        1 mole         =        5.79 moles

                              98.03 g

 

 

6.       Convert 3.25 x 105 g Rh into atoms.

 

3.25  x  105 g         x        1 mole         x        6.02  x  1023 at      =        1.90  x  1027 at

                                        102.9 g                  1 mole

 

 

 

7.  Calculate the molar mass of the following compounds:

 

Hg3(PO4)2                      791.8 g/mole                                            CuI2               317.3 g/mole

 

Pb2SO4                            510.5 g/mole                                            Li2SO3          93.9 g/mole

 

                   

8.       What is the percent composition of C2H6

 

 

          % C  =        79.8 %

 

          % H  =        20.2 %

 

 

 

9.       What is the percent composition of CaCl2. 2H2O

 

          1  x  40.1  =           40.1 g                                        % Ca          =          27.3 %

 

          2  x  35.5  =           71.0 g                                        % Cl           =          48.3 %

         

          4  x  1.01 g  =        4.04 g                                        % H            =          2.75 %

 

2  x  16.0     =        32.0 g                                        % O            =          21.7 %

 

                                        147.14                                                                    

 

10.     The empirical formula of a compound is SiH3.  If 0.0275 mol of the compound has a mass of 1.71g, what is the compounds molecular formula?

         

Empirical Formula         SiH3                   Empirical Mass                                  =          31.13 g/mole

 

Molecular Formula        Si2H6           Molar Mass          =        1.71 g          =          62.18 g/mole

                                                                                                    0.0275 mole

         

 

 

11.     A compound is 27.73% Mg, 23.58% P, and 48.69% O, calculate the empirical formula.

 

 

 

          27.73 g Mg x        1 mole      =           1.141 moles =        1.5     x        2          =        3

                                        24.3 g                    0.7606 moles

 

          23.58 g P     x        1 mole      =           0.7606 moles         =        1        x          2        =        2

                                        31.0 g                    0.7606 moles

 

          48.69 g O    x        1 mole      =           3.043 moles =        4        x       2          =        8

                                        16.0 g                    0.7606 moles

 

 

          Mg3P2O8                      Mg3(PO4)2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12.     Find the empirical formula for a compound containing 46.3% Li and 53.7% O.

 

 

 

          46.3 g Li      x        1 mole      =           6.710 moles =        2       

                                        6.9 g                      3.356 moles

 

          53.7 g O      x        1 mole      =           3.356 moles =        1       

                                        16.0 g                    3.356 moles

 

                              Li2O

 

 

 

13.     Convert 5.65  x 1017 atoms of Fe into grams.

 

         

          5.24  x  10-5 g

 

 

 

 

 

 

14.     A compound contains C, H and O.  A 5.90 g sample is burned to yield 11.18 g of CO2 and 3.66 g H2O.  What is the empirical formula of the compound?

 

 

 

11.18 g CO2  x    1 mole   x   1 mole C     =   0.2541 mole C    x     12.0 g     =       3.0491 g C

                          44.0 g         1 mole CO2                                       1 mole

 

3.66 g H2O  x      1 mole   x   2 mole H     =   0.4062 mole H    x     1.01 g     =       0.4103 g H

                           18.02 g       1 mole H2O                                       1 mole

 

 

 

Mass of C H         =        3.4594 g

 

Mass of O  =  Total C H O             Mass of C H

 

Mass of O  =  5.90 g              3.4594        

 

Mass of O  =  2.441 g

 

 

2.441 g O    x        1 mole         =        0.1525 moles O

                              16.0 g                                       

 

 

Mole Ratio                      0.2541 mole C      =        1.666           x        3        =          5

                                        0.1525 moles

                                       

                                        0.4062 H               =        2.664           x        3        =          8

                                        0.1525 moles

                                       

                                        0.1525 moles O     =        1                  x        3        =          3       

                                        0.1525 moles

 

Empirical Formula         C5H8O3

                                         

         

 

15.     A volume of a gas weighs 2.12 g.  An equal volume of He weighs 0.265g.  Calculate the molecular mass of the gas. Assuming that this gas is a common diatomic gas, what do you think the gas could be?  Show your work.

 

Gas    X        =        2.12 g          =        8        x        4.0 g  =        32 g/mole

He                         0.265 g                                      1 mole

 

O2      oxygen

 

 

 

 

Worksheet # 9      Moles Practice Test # 1

 

 

1.       Convert 5.65 g of SO2 to molecules.

 

5.65 g          x        1 mole         x        6.02  x  1023  molecules   =        5.31  x  1022 molecules

                              64.1 g                    1 mole

 

 

 

2.       Convert 3.56 x 1025 FU of CuCl2 to Kg.

 

3.56 x 1025 FU of CuCl2 x        1 mole         x        134.5 g        x        1 Kg            =        7.95 Kg

                                                  6.02  x  1023 FU    1 mole                   1000 g

 

 

 

3.       In a lighter there are 0.52 g. of C4H10. Calculate the number of H atoms.

 

0.52 g    x    1 mole         x        6.02  x  1023 molecules    x        10 at H        =          5.4  x  1022 at H

                    58.1 g                    1 mole                                       1 molecule C4H10

 

 

 

4.       Describe each atom as an atom, molecule, or a formula unit:

                   

          CO2                                 molecule

                    Zn                                    atom

                    Ca(NO3) 2                         FU

                    NaCl  ­­­­­                        FU

                    CH3COOH                         molecule

 

 

 

5.       Convert 572 g of HNO2 to moles.

 

572 g HNO2          x        1 mole         =        12.2 mole

                                        47.01 g

 

 

6.       Convert 3.25 x 105 g Ru into atoms.

 

3.25  x  105 g         x        1 mole         x        6.02  x  1023 at      =        1.94  x  1027 at

                                        101.1 g                  1 mole

 

 

7.       Calculate the molar mass of the following compounds:

 

 

Au3(PO4)3                     876 g/mole                                 CuBr2           223.3 g/mole

 

 

 

Pb3 (PO4) 2                    811.6 g/mole                             Li2CO3         73.8 g/mole

 

                   

 

8.       What is the percent composition of C3H10

 

 

          % C  =        78.1 %

 

          % H  =        21.9 %

 

 

 

9.       What is the percent composition of SrCl2 .3H2O

 

 

          % Sr           =        41.2 %

 

          % Cl           =        33.4 %

 

          % H            =        2.85 %

 

          % O            =        22.6 %

 

 

10.     The empirical formula of a compound is C3H8.  If 2.00 mol of the compound has a mass of 264.48 g, what is the compounds molecular formula? Hint: first calculate the molar mass by dividing grams by moles.

 

Molar Mass          =        264.48 g      =        132.24 g/mole       132.24         =          3 x

                                        2.00 mole                                            44.08

 

          C9H24

 

 

11.     Find the empirical formula for a compound containing 24.45  % Ca, 17.07 % N and 58.53 % O.

 

          Ca(NO3)2

 

 

12.     Find the empirical formula for a compound containing 74.40  % Ga and 25.60  % O.

 

 

          Ga2O3

 

 

 

13.     Convert 5.55 x 1017 atoms of Co into grams.

 

5.55  x  1017 at Co x        1 mole                   x        58.9 g                    =          5.43  x  10-5 g Co

                                        6.02  x  1023 at                 1 mole

 

14.     A volume of a gas weighs 3.0475 g.  An equal volume of He weighs 0.265g.         Calculate the molecular mass of the gas.  Assuming that this gas causes acid rain, what do you think the gas could be?  Show your work.

 

Gas x           =        3.04475       =        11.489  x  4.0 g/mole      =        46 g/mole                   NO2

He                         0.265

 

 

 

 

15.     Methamphetamine, MDMA, or commonly called ecstasy is an illegal drug from the family called “entactogens” which literally means in Greek “touching within”. It is considered to be a mood elevator that is 59.506 % C, 8.0135 % H, 6.9424 % N, 7.934 % O, and 17.604 % Cl. Calculate the empirical formula for MDMA.

 

 
             C10H16NOCl
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16.     Brodifacoum, a Coumarin derivative used to poison rats, is also used a blood thinner in small doses. An antidote for this poison is vitamin K, a blood-clotting agent. This compound contains C, H, Br and O.  A 10.00 g sample is burned to yield 25.633 g of CO2, 3.894 g H2O, and 1.502 g of Br2. What is the empirical formula of the compound? The structural formula is shown below.
 

         

 


25.633 g CO2  x   1 mole   x     1 mole C     =   0.5826 mole C    x     12.0 g           =        6.991 g C

                              44.0 g          1 mole CO2                                        1 mole

 

3.894 g H2O  x      1 mole   x   2 mole H     =   0.4322 mole H     x    1.01 g           =        0.4365 g H

                              18.02 g        1 mole H2O                                       1 mole

 

1.502 g Br2  x        1 mole   x   2 mole Br   =   0.01880 mole Br   x   79.9 g           =        1.502 g Br

                              159.8 g        1 mole Br2                                         1 mole

 

 

 

 

Mass of C H Br    =        8.930 g

 

Mass of O  =  Total C H Br O                  Mass of C H Br

 

Mass of O  =  10.00 g                               8.930

 

Mass of O  = 1.071 g

 

 

1.071 g O              x        1 mole         =        0.06691 moles O

                                        16.0 g                                       

 

 

Mole Ratio            0.5826 moles C     =        31                x        2        =        62

                              0.01880 moles

                                       

                              0.4321 mole H      =        23                x        2        =        46

                              0.01880 moles

                             

                              0.01880 mole Br   =        1                  x        2        =        2

                              0.01880 moles

 

                              0.06691 moles O   =        3.56             x        2        =        7                   

                              0.01880 moles 

 

                              Empirical Formula         C62H46Br2O7

 

                              That’s all folks!!!!-

 

             

Worksheet # 10                     Moles Practice Test 2

 

  1. Convert 3.567 x 1023 molecules of C4H10 to g.

 

 

34.4 g

 

 

  1. Convert 1.547 kg of Fe2(CO3)3 to FU’s.

 

 

3.19 x 1024 FU

 

 

  1. What is the percent composition of Cr(C2H3O2)2 ? Three significant figures.

 

 

Cr = 30.6%

            C = 28.2%

            H = 3.56%

            O = 37.6%

 

 

 

  1. The empirical formula of a compound is SiH3.  If 1.5 moles of the compound have a mass of 139.95g, what is the compound's molecular formula?  (Hint: calculate molecular mass first.)

 

 

Si3H9

 

 

 

  1. A compound has an empirical formula of ClCH2 and a molecular weight of 99.0 g/mol. What is its molecular formula?

 

Cl2C2H4

 

 

  1. Aspirin has a chemical formula of C9H8O4.  A sample of aspirin has 9.70 x 1012 atoms of carbon.  How many atoms of hydrogen does this sample contain?

 

 

8.62 x 1012 atoms H

 

 

 

  1. A volume of a gas weighs 2.647 g.  An equal volume of O2 weighs 3.025 g.  Calculate the molecular mass of the gas.  Assuming that this gas is an element, what is the gas?

 

 

N2 (atomic mass 28.0 g/mole)

 

 

  1. Find the empirical formula for the oxide that contains 42.05 g of nitrogen and 95.95 g of oxygen.

 

 

NO2

 

 

 

  1. A compound is 75.46% carbon, 4.43% hydrogen, and 20.10% oxygen by mass. It has a molecular weight of 318.31 g/mol. What is the molecular formula for this compound?

 

 

C20H14O4

 

 

  1.    0.487 grams of quinine (a compound made C, H, N and O with a molar mass = 324 g/mol) is combusted and found to produce 1.321 g CO2, 0.325 g H2O and 0.0421 g of N2. Determine the empirical and molecular formulas.

 

 

Emperical C10H12NO             Molecular C20H24N2O2

 

 

 

 

  1. If 0.500 g of hydrogen was generated at a current of 0.750 amps and over time period of 17.865      hours, calculate Avogadro’s number (the number of atoms in 1.00 g of hydrogen). Use unit analysis! Start the unit analysis with 17.865 h and end with atoms H.

 

1.00 coulomb = 6.24 x 10 18 electrons           1 electron = 1 H atom             1 amp = 1 coulomb per

 

            17.865 h  x  60 min  x 60 s       x   0.750 coul   x   6.24x1018 el   x   1H atom    =    3.01x1023 H atoms

                                     h              min                   s                             coul          1 el  

 

 

 

3.01 x 1023 H atoms               =   6.02x1023 H atoms/g

0.5 g